Glass Beads Provide Insight into Moon's Mysterious Interior
by Simon Mansfield
Sydney, Australia (SPX) May 13, 2025

Researchers from Curtin University, Nanjing University, and The Australian National University have discovered unusual high-magnesium glass beads collected by China's Chang'e-5 mission, revealing potential clues about the Moon's mantle. These tiny green glass beads, distinct from typical lunar impact formations, may have originated from deeper within the Moon, suggesting an asteroid impact likely excavated mantle material.

Professor Alexander Nemchin from Curtin's School of Earth and Planetary Sciences highlighted the significance of this finding, stating, "These high-magnesium glass beads may have formed when an asteroid smashed into rocks that originated from the mantle deep within the Moon. This is exciting, because we've never sampled the mantle directly before: the tiny glass beads offer us a glimpse of the Moon's hidden interior."

Co-author Professor Tim Johnson noted that these glass beads possess a unique chemistry not previously identified in surface rock samples, potentially linked to massive impacts like the formation of the Imbrium Basin, a vast crater formed over 3 billion years ago. "Remote sensing has shown the area around the basin's edge contains the kind of minerals that match the glass bead chemistry. This is a big step forward in understanding how the Moon evolved internally," Professor Johnson explained.

Lead researcher Professor Xiaolei Wang from Nanjing University emphasized the broader implications of the study, suggesting that insights into the Moon's interior could guide future robotic and crewed missions aiming to explore the Moon's deep geological layers.

Research Report:A potential mantle origin for precursor rocks of high-Mg impact glass beads in Chang'e-5 soil

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