The comments come a day after the Ria Pizza restaurant -- popular with soldiers, journalists and aid workers -- was destroyed in the city, one of the largest still under Ukrainian control in the east.
"Strikes are only carried out on objects that are in one way or another linked to military infrastructure," said Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov.
"The Russian Federation does not carry out strikes on civilian infrastructure," he added.
Kyiv's National Police said the strike, which came in the evening as the eatery was busy with guests, had also wounded 61 people.
The Ukrainian emergency services said three children were among the dead.
They added that a baby born in 2022 was among those wounded and warned that some people were still under the rubble.
The Russian defence ministry said in a separate statement Wednesday that its forces had struck a "temporary deployment point" of senior command staff of Ukraine's 56th brigade.
An AFP journalist on the scene shortly after the strike saw the restaurant in ruins surrounded by debris with rescuers rushing to clear the rubble and search for bodies.
Russia has denied striking civilian infrastructure throughout its 16-month long Ukraine campaign.
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