As Egypt struggles to head off another bout of political violence, Islamist militants, many of them linked to al-Qaida, are establishing a stronghold in the vastness of the Sinai Peninsula with a steady supply of looted armed from Libya, and Israel as their target.

Israeli intelligence says most of the attacks out of Sinai in recent months have been the work of Ansar Jerusalem, aka Ansar Beit al-Maqdis, which is believed to have several hundred operatives in the mountainous desert wastes that link Africa and Asia.

The Egyptians are unable to mount effective operations against the militants, who call themselves Ansar al Jihad in the Sinai Peninsula and in December 2011 swore allegiance to Osama bin Laden before he was assassinated by the Americans.

Their attacks on Israel, along with the empowerment of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt since the Feb. 11, 2011, downfall of Egyptian dictator Hosni Mubarak, pose a threat to Israel's 1979 peace treaty with Egypt, lynchpin of Israeli and Western policy in the Middle East.

"Jihadist groups are emerging as a major threat in Egypt because of three developments: the permissive atmosphere for Islamist mobilization in general since Hosni Mubarak's ouster, the ruling Muslim Brotherhood's tolerance toward its fellow Islamists, and the weakness of the Egyptian state," observed Aaron Y. Zelin of the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, a pro-Israel think tank.

"Egypt's declining internal security will give jihadists ample recruitment opportunities as well," he noted in a January analysis.

"In addition, instability in northern Sinai and attacks against Israel could jeopardize the peace treaty."

On Dec. 24, Egyptian security services foiled an attempt to smuggle 17 French-made rockets into Sinai. They thwarted an attempted car-bombing in Rafah, near the Gaza Strip on Sinai's eastern border, Jan. 7. Two days later they seized a truck carrying 1 ton of explosives at a central Sinai checkpoint. The cargo was bound for the Hamas-ruled Gaza Strip.

The Egyptians said they'd intercepted 5 tons of explosives, automatic weapons and disassembled rockets in three months. Many of the weapons originated in Libya, officials said.

On Feb. 15, another 2 tons of explosives headed for the Sinai from Cairo was intercepted. Two days later the Egyptians uncovered a weapons cache in El Arish, the provincial capital, that included and anti-aircraft gun and six anti-tank mines.

On Feb. 18, Egyptian troops flooded several tunnels between Sinai and the Gaza Strip in a bid to curb the flow of weapons into the coastal enclave.

Israel's General Security Service, known as Shin Bet, claimed in February that "hundreds" of high-quality weapons, including rockets and advanced anti-tank and anti-aircraft missiles from Libya and Sudan were smuggled into Gaza throughout 2012.

The growth of jihadist groups in Sinai stemmed in large part from Hamas driving out similar organizations, which the ruling party had been trying to eradicate since 2007 because they challenged the fundamentalists' authority in Gaza.

Until recently, the jihadist groups in Gaza had operated independently of each other.

But in 2012 they began to unify. Now they've established an operating base in Sinai that's attracting jihadists from across the Middle East, including seasoned veterans from Iraq, Somalia and Yemen.

Murad Balal al-Shishani of the Jamestown Foundation, a Washington think tank that monitors global terrorism, says this was largely the work of Hisham al-Saidini, aka Abu Walid al-Maqdisi.

Saidini, a jihadist ideologue who led the Al Tawhid and Jihad group in Gaza, was imprisoned by Hamas. But his efforts bore fruit.

The jihadists migrated into the 23,600 square miles of Sinai and unified the cells operating there in the security vacuum triggered when Mubarak was driven from power.

In June 2012, the jihadists announced the formation of the Mujahedeen Shura Council in the Environs of Jerusalem.

Saidini was killed in an Israeli missile strike in October, one of several launched against Gaza militants belonging to "the global jihadist movement."

Israeli authorities said Saidini had been planning a complex attack against the Jewish state along the Sinai border that involved jihadist operatives in Sinai and Gaza.

The jihadists' move into Sinai only worsened Israel's headache.

"Instead of operating in Gaza on a 40-kilometer border with Israel, they can now operate on a 250-kilometer border in Sinai," a security source lamented.